Mandatory Forensic Probe for Serious Crimes: A Landmark Step in India’s Justice System

In a transformative move, the Indian government has mandated forensic investigations for all crimes punishable by seven years or more, signalling a significant shift towards technology-driven, transparent, and accurate criminal justice.

This directive is part of a broader reform introduced through three new criminal laws: the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam. These laws aim to modernise the justice system and embed scientific rigour into every stage of the criminal investigation process.

The Rationale Behind Mandatory Forensic Probes

Forensic science plays a crucial role in grounding investigations in scientific evidence, whether it involves DNA analysis, digital forensics, ballistics, or fingerprinting. The new mandate ensures that serious offences involving longer imprisonment sentences receive meticulous forensic scrutiny, reducing reliance on eyewitness testimonies or circumstantial evidence that can sometimes be unreliable.

National Forensic Infrastructure Scheme (NAFIS)

Backing this mandate is the National Forensic Infrastructure Scheme, with an investment of ₹2,254.40 crore. This ambitious plan focuses on:

• Establishing state-of-the-art forensic laboratories in every district
• Enhancing skill development and training for forensic professionals
• Promoting research and development in forensic technologies
• Using AI, machine learning, and integrated data networks to streamline forensic processes

Impact on Law Enforcement and Justice

Police forces and investigative agencies will now be equipped with enhanced tools and methodologies to conduct scientifically validated probes. The goal is to achieve faster convictions, reduce miscarriages of justice, and increase public trust in the criminal justice system.

A New Era for Indian Justice

This policy marks a significant leap forward, where forensic expertise becomes central to the delivery of justice. As India embraces this shift, it envisions a judiciary that is fairer, more efficient, and powered by scientific accuracy—ensuring that justice is not only done but also seen to be done.